The WCAG Explained

Summary:
WCAG 2.4.6, "Headings and Labels," focuses on ensuring that headings and labels are descriptive, aiding users in understanding content and navigating efficiently. This guideline is particularly beneficial for users with visual impairments, cognitive disabilities, and those using screen readers or other assistive technologies.

What:
The criterion requires that headings and labels used to describe topics or purposes are clear and concise. Headings should accurately reflect the content sections they represent, and labels should clearly describe the purpose of user interface controls, input fields, and other elements.

Why:
Clear headings and labels are essential for users to quickly grasp the content's structure and find the information they need. They help in providing context, especially for users navigating via screen readers, by offering an overview of the content and making it easier to navigate directly to sections of interest.

Examples and Scenarios:

1. Web Articles: Use descriptive headings that summarize the content of each section in an article.
2. Forms: Label form fields clearly, so users understand what information is required (e.g., "Email Address" instead of just "Enter Here").
3. Navigation Menus: Ensure that menu items are clearly labeled to accurately reflect the content they link to.

How to Comply:

• Websites: Structure your content with meaningful headings and ensure that all interactive elements have descriptive labels. Use semantic HTML to enhance accessibility.
• Mobile Apps: Label buttons, fields, and controls clearly, and structure content with descriptive titles and headings for easy navigation.
• Software Applications: Use clear labels for all controls and options, and organize content with descriptive headings to facilitate easy understanding and navigation.

Exceptions:

• Brand Names or Logos: Sometimes, headings or labels might be brand names or logos that don't describe the content or purpose literally but are commonly recognized.
• User-Generated Content: In platforms where content is primarily user-generated, such as forums or social media, enforcing descriptive headings and labels may not be feasible.